A preliminary study presented at the American Heart Association's Basic Cardiovascular Sciences Scientific Sessions 2026 suggests that bacteria from gum disease may trigger inflammation and calcium buildup in the heart's aortic valve, potentially leading to calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). Researchers from Fuwai Hospital in Beijing found that Porphyromonas gingivalis, a key bacterium in chronic gum disease, was more abundant in calcified aortic valves from patients with CAVS compared to those with other valve diseases.
In mouse experiments, repeated exposure to live P. gingivalis led to bacterial accumulation in aortic valves, increased calcification, and symptoms of aortic stenosis. Preventive antibiotic treatment reduced these effects. The study also identified a biological pathway: P. gingivalis activated interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), an inflammation-spurring protein, and genetically deleting IL-1b in mice significantly reduced calcification and valve symptoms even in the presence of the bacteria.
“There are currently no medications proven to prevent or slow the progression of CAVS,” said co-lead author Chenyang Li, M.D., a Ph.D. candidate. “We hope our findings demonstrating the link between periodontal disease and CAVS will stimulate further research into new preventive and therapeutic approaches.”
According to the American Heart Association, CAVS occurs when the aortic valve thickens and calcifies, restricting blood flow. Standard treatment for severe cases is valve replacement surgery. The study adds to growing evidence connecting oral health and heart health. Eduardo Sanchez, M.D., M.P.H., FAHA, chief medical officer for prevention for the American Heart Association, noted, “For many people, regular visits to the dentist are their only connection to the healthcare system. That makes dental professionals important partners in spotting health conditions early.”
The American Heart Association’s Healthy Smiles, Healthy Hearts™ initiative provides dental care teams with professional education on the oral-health connection, including blood pressure screening and referral guides. The study authors have started a clinical study to further evaluate the link between gum disease and CAVS.
“The key message is simple: take good care of your oral health,” Li said. “Good oral hygiene and treatment of periodontal disease are important for overall health and may also have benefits for cardiovascular health.”
